Tracking recent environmental changes relative to historical records, Conserving and managing our Arctic Ocean resources, Providing weather information to protect lives, property, and management, Observing the Arctic ocean and atmosphere to understand and forecast Arctic change, Providing environmental intelligence to understanding the complex Arctic system, Conserving and managing Arctic living marine resources and their habitats. For more information, images, and animations, visit: Ocean Plant Life Slows Down and Absorbs Less Carbon. Human Population Growth and Oceans. Henley, S. F., M. Porter, L. Hobbs, J. Braun, R. Guillaume-Castel, E. J. Venables, E. Dumont, and F. Cottier, 2020: Nitrate supply and uptake in the Atlantic Arctic sea ice zone: seasonal cycle, mechanisms and drivers. Measurements of the algal pigment chlorophyll (e.g., chlorophyll-a) serve as a proxy for the amount of algal biomass present (e.g., Behrenfeld and Boss 2006) as well as overall plant health. Deep-Sea Res. Res.-Oceans, 122, 6883-6900, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC012768. Water, Image of the Day The following is a partial list of publications which have used data from the Ocean Productivity site. 1 show the ratio of chlorophyll-a concentrations for 2020 to chlorophyll-a concentrations for the multiyear average from 2003 to 2019 expressed as percentages, where patterns are spatially and temporally heterogeneous across the Arctic Ocean. Arctic Report Card 2019, J. Richter-Menge, M. L. Druckenmiller, and M. Jeffries, Eds., https://www.arctic.noaa.gov/Report-Card. During June, these low percentages extended northward through the Bering Strait and onto the Chukchi Shelf (Fig. Other studies suggest that increased nutrient supply have also influenced overall production (Henley et al. Comiso, J. C., 2015: Variability and trends of the global sea ice covers and sea levels: effects on physicochemical parameters. 2020; Lewis et al. Leu, E., C. J. Mundy, P. Assmy, K. Campbell, T. M. Gabrielsen, M. Gosselin, T. Juul-Pedersen, and R. Gradinger, 2015: Arctic spring awakening – Steering principles behind the phenology of vernal ice algal blooms. Arctic Ocean Primary Productivity: The Response of Marine Algae to Climate Warming and Sea Ice Decline, Bowhead Whales: Recent Insights into Their Biology, Status, and Resilience, The MOSAiC Expedition: A Year Drifting with the Arctic Sea Ice, Integrating Models and Observations to Better Predict a Changing Arctic Sea Ice Cover, New Arctic Research Facility Opens Door to Science Collaborations, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.09.003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.06.010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.12.015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104730, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.07.012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.08.009. Forest, M. Gosselin, P. Raimbault, and J. This pair of images contrasts average plant growth in 2002 to growth in 2008, revealing small interannual changes. Availibilty of nutrients 4. Oceanogr., 139, 122-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.09.003. Watson Gregg, a NASA GSFC researcher, finds that the oceans’ net primary productivity (NPP) has declined more than 6 percent globally over the last two decades, possibly as a … 1. Royal Soc. 2. 2019; Lewis et al. Plant species inhabiting a particular area 2. Instead, we show that the relative abundance of floating microplastics increases from the outside to the inside of the North Pacific Garbage Patch. .". Behrenfeld, M. J., and P. G. Falkowski, 1997: Photosynthetic rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 2017 VN Hari, B Kalyan, M Chitre, V Ganesan ... Distribution and relative abundance of humpback whales in relation to environmental variables in coastal British Columbia and adjacent waters. [27] Annual total global ocean productivity averaged 67 Pg C yr −1 (Pg = 10 15 g) for the C‐based model and 60 Pg C yr −1 for the Chl‐based model over the 1997 to 2002 period, a difference that scales directly with the value of μ max. The steepest trends over the 2003-2020 period were found for the Eurasian Arctic (12.83 g C/m2/yr/decade, or a ~37.7% increase), the Barents Sea (9.32 g C/m2/yr/decade, or a ~21.0% increase), and the Greenland Sea (6.34 g C/m2/yr/decade, or a ~18.7% increase). 1b). The data presented in Fig. Biomass can refer to species biomass, which is the mass of one or more species, or to community biomass, which is the mass of all species in the community.It can include microorganisms, plants or animals. Prog. Biomass is the dry weight of all the organic matter within organisms of the ecosystem. Trans. Stud. The melting and retreat of sea ice during spring are strong drivers of primary production in the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent shelf seas, owing to enhanced light availability and stratification (Barber et al. A, 378, 20190361, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0361. The older data was reanalyzed to conform to modern standards, which helped make the two data records consistent with each other. Sci. Southern Ocean: High Geophys. Comiso, J. C., R. A. Gersten, L. V. Stock, J. Turner, G. J. Perez, and K. Cho, 2017a: Positive trend in the Antarctic sea ice cover and associated changes in surface temperature. Oceanogr., 152, 82-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.12.015. The complete, updated Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Aqua satellite chlorophyll-a record for the northern polar region for the years 2003-2020 serves as a time series against which individual years can be compared. The impacts of sea ice decline on specific water column phytoplankton properties, such as community composition and carbon biomass (Neeley et al. Image by Robert Simmon, based on data provided by Watson Gregg, NASA GSFC, Image of the Day The relative productivity in the world's oceans from most productive to least productive is: polar waters, temperate waters, tropical waters. Highlights Satellite estimates of ocean primary productivity (i.e., the rate at which marine algae transform dissolved inorganic carbon into organic material) showed higher values for 2020 (relative to the 2003-2019 mean) for seven of the nine investigated regions (with the Sea of Okhotsk and Bering Sea showing lower than average values). 3Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD, USA. 2015; Hill et al. Ardyna, M., M. Babin, E. Devred, A. Key component of ocean life. Furthermore, it is important to reiterate that the satellite ocean color data do not account for early-season under-ice blooms that may contribute substantially to primary productivity in these regions (e.g., Arrigo et al. Oceanogr., 177, 104730, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104730. 2a) compared to drastic reductions observed in 2018 (Frey et al. Flight Center. 2020) have improved understanding of annual production. Ocean net primary productivity while having one of the total standing stock of algal biomass component of life..., but still low in gyres ( Beaufort sea ) July, and E. Boss, 2006: attenuation! Ice to the capability of some organisms to either efficiently recycle iron intracellularly or non-Redfieldian. Vertical convection, upwelling and turbulent diffusion rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration as alternative optical indices of phytoplankton.. 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